26. VPC and subnet configuration

Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) is a service that allows you to create a virtual private network in the Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud. With VPC, you can set up a completely controlled network environment, including selecting your own IP address range, creating subnets, and configuring route tables and network gateways.

VPC Configuration

To set up a VPC on AWS, you need to follow the steps below:

1. Creating the VPC

To create a VPC, you need to go to the AWS console, choose the VPC service and click "Start VPC Wizard". You can choose one of four configuration scenarios depending on your needs. For most use cases, the "VPC with a Single Public Subnet" scenario is sufficient.

2. Specifying VPC Settings

On the next page, you can specify your VPC settings, such as the CIDR IP address range, VPC name, and public DNS availability. After specifying the settings, click "Create VPC".

3. Creating Subnets

Once the VPC is created, you can create subnets within it. A subnet is a range of IP addresses within your VPC that you can assign to groups of AWS resources, such as EC2 instances and RDS databases. To create a subnet, go to the VPC dashboard and click on "Subnets", then "Create subnet". You can specify the name of the subnet, the VPC it will be created in, the IP address range, and the Availability Zone.

Subnet Configuration

1. Creating Public and Private Subnets

In a VPC, you can create public and private subnets. A public subnet is one that has a route to the Internet, while a private subnet is one that does not. To create a public subnet, you need to associate it with a route table that has a route to the Internet. To create a private subnet, you can associate it with a route table that doesn't have a route to the Internet.

2. Route Table Configuration

Route tables control network traffic between subnets and the Internet. For each subnet, you can associate a route table. To create a route table, go to the VPC dashboard and click on "Route Tables", then "Create route table". You can specify the name of the route table and the VPC in which it will be created. After creating the route table, you can add routes to it. For example, to add a route to the Internet, you can specify the destination as 0.0.0.0/0 and the target as your VPC's Internet gateway.

3. Configuration of Internet Gateways

An internet gateway is a network component that allows network traffic to enter and leave your VPC. To create an internet gateway, go to the VPC dashboard and click on "Internet Gateways", then "Create internet gateway". You can specify the internet gateway name and then append it to your VPC.

In summary, setting up a VPC and subnets on AWS involves creating a VPC, specifying its settings, creating subnets, configuring route tables and Internet gateways. These steps allow you to set up a private and secure network environment in the AWS cloud where you can deploy your AWS resources.

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