7. Nose and Pharynx

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Nose and Pharynx

The nose and the pharynx are two fundamental parts of the human respiratory system. Both play crucial roles in breathing, filtering, heating and humidifying the air we breathe.

Nose

The nose is the main entrance to the respiratory system. It is a prominent structure on the human face, made up of bone, cartilage, and soft tissue. The outer part of the nose is called the external nose, while the inner part is called the inner nose or nasal cavity.

The nasal cavity is divided into two passages by the nasal septum. Each passageway is lined with mucous that contains tiny hairs called cilia and glands that produce mucus. This mucus moistens the air and the cilia help filter out dust particles and microbes.

In addition, the nasal cavity also contains the olfactory organ that allows us to smell. The air is warmed as it passes through the nasal cavity before entering the lungs, minimizing the heat shock that cold air could cause in the lungs.

pharynx

The pharynx, also known as the throat, is a tube of muscular tissue that connects the nose and mouth to the larynx (voice box) and esophagus (tube that leads to the stomach). It serves as a passageway for air and food, and also plays a role in speech.

The pharynx is divided into three parts: the nasopharynx, the oropharynx, and the laryngopharynx. The nasopharynx is located behind the nose and above the soft palate. The oropharynx is located directly behind the mouth, while the laryngopharynx is lower and connects to the larynx.

The air that enters through the nose or mouth passes through the pharynx before entering the larynx and finally the lungs. Like the nasal cavity, the pharynx also helps warm and humidify the air we breathe.

In summary, the nose and pharynx are essential parts of the respiratory system that help filter, warm, and humidify the air we breathe, as well as play a role in speech and swallowing.

Next page of the Free Ebook:

88. Larynx and Trachea