3.9. Basic NodeJS Concepts: Database Integration
When creating APIs in NodeJS, one of the most important aspects to consider is database integration. This is an essential component of any application as it is where all data is stored and retrieved when needed. In this chapter, we'll explore the basics of integrating NodeJS with the database.
Database Integration
NodeJS supports many types of databases, including SQL (like MySQL, PostgreSQL) and NoSQL (like MongoDB, CouchDB). The choice of database depends on the nature of the application and the data to be stored. To integrate NodeJS with a database, we need a database driver module that allows communication between the NodeJS application and the database.
Database Driver Modules
Database driver modules are NPM packages that provide an interface for interacting with a specific database. For example, the 'mysql' module is used for MySQL, 'pg' for PostgreSQL and 'mongodb' for MongoDB. These modules allow you to perform database operations such as create, read, update, and delete (CRUD) using JavaScript.
Database Connection
To connect NodeJS to a database, you need to install the appropriate database driver module and then use its functions to establish a connection. The connection string usually includes the hostname, database name, username and password. Once the connection is established, you can start executing SQL queries or database commands.
Working with Data
Once the database connection is established, you can start working with data. This usually involves performing CRUD operations.
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Create
This operation involves inserting new data into the database. In SQL, this is done using the INSERT statement. In NoSQL, the method may vary depending on the database. For example, in MongoDB you would use the 'insert' method.
Read (Read)
This operation involves retrieving data from the database. In SQL, this is done using the SELECT statement. In NoSQL, the method can vary. For example, in MongoDB, you would use the 'find' method.
Update
This operation involves modifying existing data in the database. In SQL, this is done using the UPDATE statement. In NoSQL, the method can vary. For example, in MongoDB you would use the 'update' method.
Delete (Delete)
This operation involves removing data from the database. In SQL, this is done using the DELETE statement. In NoSQL, the method can vary. For example, in MongoDB, you would use the 'remove' method.
Conclusion
Integrating NodeJS with a database is a crucial aspect of creating APIs. With the help of database driver modules, you can establish a database connection and perform database operations using JavaScript. The choice of database and how you work with the data depends on the nature of your application and the data you are manipulating.
