Chapter 24: How alcohol and other substances can worsen depression and anxiety
Alcohol and other substances may initially appear to be a means of relieving the symptoms of depression and anxiety. It may seem like they help us relax, forget our worries and feel more sociable. However, these benefits are only temporary, and in the long term, alcohol and other substances can actually make depression and anxiety worse.
Alcohol and depression
Alcohol is a central nervous system depressant. This means it can decrease brain activity, which can lead to symptoms such as lack of energy, feelings of sadness or despair, and loss of interest or pleasure in activities. Additionally, alcohol can interfere with the brain's chemical balance, which can worsen depression.
Additionally, alcohol can lead to behaviors that can worsen depression. For example, it can lead to impulsive behavior, poor decisions, and problems with relationships. It can also lead to physical health problems, such as liver and cardiovascular disease, which can contribute to depression.
Alcohol and anxiety
Alcohol may initially reduce anxiety, but this effect is often followed by an increase in anxiety. This is because alcohol can interfere with the neurotransmitters in the brain that are responsible for feelings of calm and relaxation. When the effects of alcohol wear off, an anxiety "hangover" can occur, which can be even worse than the original anxiety.
In addition, alcohol can lead to behaviors that can increase anxiety. For example, it can lead to awkward situations or problems with relationships, which can cause anxiety. It can also lead to physical health problems, such as liver and cardiovascular disease, which can increase anxiety.
Other substances and depression and anxiety
Other substances, such as illicit drugs and prescription medications, can also worsen depression and anxiety. For example, marijuana may seem relaxing, but it can actually increase anxiety and paranoia. Stimulants, such as cocaine and amphetamines, can lead to a "crash" of depression and anxiety after the effects wear off.
Prescription medications, such as benzodiazepines, can relieve anxiety in the short term, but they can lead to dependence and withdrawal, which can make anxiety worse. Additionally, these medications can have side effects, such as drowsiness and mental confusion, which can contribute to depression.
Conclusion
In summary, although alcohol and other substances may seem like a way to alleviate depression and anxiety, they often make these conditions worse in the long term. Therefore, it is important to seek professional help to treat depression and anxiety rather than trying to self-treat with alcohol or other substances. There are many effective treatment options available, including therapy, medication, and lifestyle changes.
