One of the most crucial parts of developing APIs in NodeJS is creating controllers for each CRUD operation (Create, Read, Update, Delete). These controllers are responsible for managing the business logic of each operation and interacting with the MongoDB database. In this chapter, we will detail the process of creating these controllers.
Create Controller
The Create controller is responsible for creating new records in the database. In NodeJS, this is done using the Mongoose template's 'save' function. The code for a Create controller might look something like:
exports.create = function(req, res) {
var newRecord = new Model(req.body);
newRecord.save(function(err, record) {
if (err) {
res.send(err);
}
res.json(record);
});
};
This code creates a new record using the data received in the HTTP request and then saves the record to the database. If an error occurs during this process, it will be caught and sent as a response. Otherwise, the new record is sent as a response.
Read Controller
The Read controller is responsible for reading records from the database. This can be done using the 'find' function of the Mongoose template. The code for a Read controller might look something like:
exports.read = function(req, res) {
Model.find({}, function(err, records) {
if (err) {
res.send(err);
}
res.json(records);
});
};
This code reads all records from the database and sends them as a response. If an error occurs during this process, it will be caught and sent as a response.
Update Controller
The Update controller is responsible for updating existing records in the database. This can be done using the 'findByIdAndUpdate' function from the Mongoose template. The code for an Update controller might look something like:
exports.update = function(req, res) {
Model.findByIdAndUpdate(req.params.id, req.body, {new: true}, function(err, record) {
if (err) {
res.send(err);
}
res.json(record);
});
};
This code updates a specific record, identified by the ID passed as a parameter in the HTTP request. New data for the record is passed in the body of the request. If an error occurs during this process, it will be caught and sent as a response. Otherwise, the updated record is sent as a response.
Delete Controller
The Delete controller is responsible for deleting records from the database. This can be done using the 'findByIdAndRemove' function from the Mongoose template. The code for a Delete controller might look something like:
exports.delete = function(req, res) {
Model.findByIdAndRemove(req.params.id, function(err, record) {
if (err) {
res.send(err);
}
res.json({ message: 'Record successfully deleted' });
});
};
This code deletes a specific record, identified by the ID passed as a parameter in the HTTP request. If an error occurs during this process, it will be caught and sent as a response. Otherwise, a success message is sent in response.
In summary, creating controllers for each CRUD operation in NodeJS involves defining functions that handle HTTP requests and interact with the MongoDB database. Each controller is responsible for a specific CRUD operation and must deal with possible errors that may occur during the process.
