Pedicure Contraindications and Nail Disorder Recognition

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1. 1

   A client has green discoloration beneath a partially lifted toenail. What is the safest response?

   A Buff away the discoloration and apply polish B Do not service the affected nail and recommend medical evaluation C Reseal the lifted area with nail adhesive
2. 2

   What does onycholysis describe?

   A Separation of the nail plate from the nail bed B Inflammation of the tissue surrounding the nail C Deep transverse grooves across the nail plate
3. 3

   The pictured thickened, yellow, crumbly toenail is most consistent with which condition?

   

   A Leukonychia B Beau’s lines C Possible fungal nail infection
4. 4

   The image shows redness, swelling, and tenderness along the lateral nail fold. Which condition is most consistent with these signs?

   

   A Onycholysis B Paronychia C Koilonychia
5. 5

   What is the nail technician’s correct role when an abnormal toenail condition is discovered?

   A Describe the observation, avoid diagnosis, and refer when appropriate B Identify the disease and recommend a prescription treatment C Remove abnormal tissue to determine how deep it extends
6. 6

   Which nail change is represented by the transverse depressions shown across several toenails?

   

   A Pitting B Onycholysis C Beau’s lines
7. 7

   The pictured nail edge is pressing into swollen skin with visible drainage. What should the technician do?

   

   A Cut deeply into the nail corner to release it B Decline treatment of the area and recommend medical care C Pack cotton beneath the edge and continue the service
8. 8

   Numerous small, pinpoint depressions are visible on the nail plate. What is this feature called?

   

   A Nail pitting B Splinter hemorrhages C Leukonychia
9. 9

   After toe trauma, the image shows dark blood trapped beneath the nail and the client reports severe throbbing pain. What is the safest action?

   

   A Pierce the nail plate to release pressure B Massage the toe and continue the pedicure C Stop the service and recommend prompt medical evaluation
10. 10

    A rough, raised lesion with tiny dark dots is present beside a toenail. What is the appropriate pedicure response?

    

    A File the lesion until the surface is smooth B Avoid the lesion and refer the client for evaluation C Soak the lesion longer before removing it
11. 11

    Which group of signs is most consistent with possible athlete’s foot?

    A Itching, scaling, and cracking between the toes B A smooth callus without redness or discomfort C Uniform nail growth with flexible cuticles
12. 12

    A client with diabetes reports reduced sensation in both feet. What is the safest approach before a pedicure?

    A Use hotter water because the client may not notice warmth B Perform aggressive callus reduction to prevent pressure C Follow safety policy, assess for contraindications, and seek medical guidance when required
13. 13

    What should be done if a client begins bleeding during a pedicure?

    A Rinse the area in the foot bath and finish quickly B Stop, put on gloves, control exposure, and follow the blood-exposure procedure C Cover the area with polish so it remains sealed
14. 14

    The image shows a new dark vertical nail band that extends onto the surrounding skin. Why is referral important?

    

    A It can be a warning sign requiring prompt medical assessment B It proves that ordinary polish stained the nail C It always results from shoes pressing on the toe
15. 15

    Which description best identifies koilonychia?

    A A nail with a severely curved, horn-like shape B A nail separated from its bed at the free edge C A thin nail with a concave, spoon-shaped surface
16. 16

    The pictured toenail is extremely thick, elongated, and curved like a horn. What is the safest response?

    

    A Thin it rapidly with aggressive filing B Avoid aggressive reduction and refer to a podiatric professional C Soften it with adhesive before clipping
17. 17

    Small white spots within an otherwise healthy toenail plate are most commonly associated with what?

    A Minor trauma to the area where the nail formed B Severe bacterial infection in every case C Permanent separation of the nail from its bed
18. 18

    Which client-record entry is the most objective and professionally appropriate?

    A Client definitely has a dangerous fungal disease B Toenail looked bad, so the service was refused C Yellow discoloration and thickening observed on right great toenail; affected nail not serviced and referral recommended