Education is one of the fundamental pillars for the development of a society. It is responsible for forming conscious, critical and participatory citizens. In this sense, Public Policies in Education play a crucial role, as they establish the guidelines and strategies for promoting quality, inclusive and equitable education.
Public Education Policies are sets of programs, actions and decisions taken by governments in order to meet certain needs and demands of education in a country. They are prepared based on diagnoses and analyzes of the educational reality, and aim to improve the quality of education, guarantee access and permanence in school, teacher training, among other aspects.
An example of Public Policy in Education is the National Education Plan (PNE), which establishes goals and strategies for Brazilian education for a period of ten years. The PNE ranges from kindergarten to postgraduate education, and involves topics such as teacher training, educational management, education financing, evaluation, inclusion and diversity.
Another example is the Fund for the Maintenance and Development of Basic Education and the Valorization of Education Professionals (FUNDEB), which is a basic education financing policy. FUNDEB is made up of resources from the states, Federal District and municipalities, and aims to promote equity in the distribution of resources for education.
Public Policies in Education also involve inclusion and diversity actions. One example is the National Policy on Special Education from the Perspective of Inclusive Education, which aims to guarantee access, participation and learning for students with disabilities, global developmental disorders and high abilities/giftedness in regular schools.
In addition, Public Policies in Education also address teacher training. The initial and continuing training of teachers is one of the most important aspects for the quality of education. In this sense, there are policies such as the Institutional Scholarship Program for Teaching Initiation (PIBID), which aims at improving and valuing teacher training for basic education.
It is important to emphasize that the effectiveness of Public Policies in Education depends on a series of factors, such as the participation of society in their elaboration and implementation, the existence of monitoring and evaluation mechanisms, the adequacy of financial resources, among others.
In short, Public Policies in Education are fundamental to guarantee the right to quality education for all. They are responsible for establishing the guidelines and strategies that guide the State's action in the area of education, and therefore must be prepared in a participatory, inclusive and equitable manner, considering the needs and demands of society.
