Normal and Cesarean Delivery: Indications and Complications

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The Obstetric Nursing course from basic to advanced addresses essential topics for the training of qualified professionals, including normal delivery and cesarean sections, their indications and complications. These are decisions that involve the health and life of mother and child, and therefore require in-depth and up-to-date knowledge.

Normal Delivery

A normal birth, also known as a vaginal birth, is the most natural way to give birth. It happens when the woman goes into labor spontaneously, with the dilation of the cervix and the contractions that push the baby through the birth canal.

Indications

Normal birth is indicated for most pregnancies, provided both mother and baby are in good health. It is preferable because it presents less risk of complications and favors a faster recovery for the woman. In addition, the mother's immediate contact with the baby favors the affective bond and breastfeeding.

Complications

Despite the benefits, normal delivery can also present complications. Among them are the possibility of perineal lacerations, postpartum hemorrhage, infections and, in rare cases, cerebral palsy due to lack of oxygen in the baby's brain. Furthermore, the process can be long and painful, which can cause stress and exhaustion in the woman.

Cesarean section

A cesarean section is a surgical procedure that involves opening the abdomen and uterus to remove the baby. It is performed when normal delivery is not possible or safe for the mother or baby.

Indications

A cesarean section can be indicated in several situations, such as when the baby is in a pelvic position (sitting), in case of placenta previa (when the placenta covers the cervix), if there is fetal distress, if the mother has an active sexually transmitted disease, among others. It can also be chosen by the mother's preference, although this is not the most recommended indication by health professionals.

Complications

Like any surgery, cesarean section also presents risks, such as infections, hemorrhages, injuries to nearby organs and anesthetic complications. In addition, recovery is often slower and more painful than normal delivery. For the baby, there are risks of breathing problems, especially if the cesarean section is performed before 39 weeks of gestation.

In conclusion, both normal delivery and cesarean section have their indications and complications. The choice between one and the other should be made based on the health conditions of the mother and baby, on the health professional's assessment and, whenever possible, considering the woman's wishes. The Obstetric Nursing course from basic to advanced prepares the professional to assist in this decision, providing a safe delivery and healthy motherhood.

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