Managing Burns and Blisters

Managing Burns

Burns are a common injury in outdoor and wilderness settings, often resulting from campfires, cooking equipment, or prolonged sun exposure. Immediate and proper management of burns is crucial to minimize damage and prevent infection.

Types of Burns

• First-degree burns: Affect the outer layer of skin, causing redness and pain. They are similar to a sunburn.
• Second-degree burns: Affect both the outer layer and the underlying layer of skin, leading to blisters, swelling, and severe pain.
• Third-degree burns: Extend into deeper tissues, causing white or blackened, charred skin that may be numb.

First Aid for Burns

1. Cool the burn: Immediately cool the burn with running water for at least 10 minutes. If running water is unavailable, use a cool, wet cloth.
2. Protect the burn: Cover the burn with a sterile, non-stick dressing or clean cloth to protect it from infection.
3. Do not burst blisters: Blisters protect the underlying skin and should not be burst.
4. Pain relief: Administer over-the-counter pain relief such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen if available.
5. Hydrate: Encourage the victim to drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration.
6. Seek medical attention: For second-degree burns larger than 3 inches or any third-degree burns, seek professional medical help as soon as possible.

Managing Blisters

Blisters are fluid-filled sacs on the skin caused by friction or heat. They are a common issue during hiking or long treks, often due to ill-fitting footwear or intense physical activity.

Prevention of Blisters

• Wear proper footwear: Ensure shoes fit well and are broken in before long hikes.
• Use moisture-wicking socks: These help to keep feet dry and reduce friction.
• Apply blister prevention tape: Place tape on areas prone to blisters before starting your activity.

First Aid for Blisters

1. Clean the area: Wash the blister and surrounding skin with soap and water.
2. Protect the blister: Cover it with a blister pad or a sterile bandage to cushion the area.
3. Do not pop the blister: If possible, avoid popping the blister to prevent infection. If it bursts, clean the area and apply an antibiotic ointment.
4. Change dressings regularly: Keep the blister clean and dry, changing dressings as needed.
5. Monitor for infection: Watch for signs of infection such as increased redness, swelling, or pus. Seek medical attention if these occur.