1. Introduction to the Respiratory System
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Introduction to the Respiratory System
The respiratory system is a complex set of organs responsible for taking in oxygen from the environment and eliminating carbon dioxide from the body - a process known as respiration. This system is crucial to human life, as all of our cells require oxygen to function properly.
Components of the Respiratory System
The respiratory system is made up of two main parts: the upper and lower airways. The upper airways include the nose, mouth and pharynx. The lower airways consist of the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.
Nose and Mouth
The nose and mouth are the main air intakes for the respiratory system. Air enters the body and is moistened, warmed and filtered as it passes through the nose and mouth.
Pharynx and Larynx
The pharynx is a tube that carries air from the mouth and nose to the larynx. The larynx, or voice box, is where sound is produced. It also serves as a passageway for air that moves in and out of the lungs.
Trachea and Bronchi
The trachea is a tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi. The bronchi are tubes that branch off the trachea and carry air to the lungs.
Lungs
The lungs are two spongy organs located in the chest that allow the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. The right side of the lung is slightly larger than the left side to accommodate the heart.
Functioning of the Respiratory System
The respiratory system works through a process called respiration. This process involves inhaling oxygen from the environment and exhaling carbon dioxide from the body. Gas exchange takes place in the lungs, where oxygen is taken up by blood vessels and transported to the cells of the body. At the same time, carbon dioxide - a waste product of cellular respiration - is removed from cells, transported back to the lungs and exhaled into the environment.
Importance of the Respiratory System
The respiratory system is vital for human survival. Without the ability to breathe and carry oxygen to our cells, we wouldn't be able to live. In addition, breathing also allows us to eliminate carbon dioxide, a potentially toxic waste product of cellular respiration.
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22. Anatomy of the Respiratory System
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