First Aid for Fractures

Fractures are injuries that occur in the bones, causing severe pain and often inability to move. They can be closed, when the skin over the fracture remains intact, or open, when there is a wound that communicates with the fracture. Both types require immediate medical attention, but there are some first aid actions that can be taken to minimize pain and prevent further damage.

Fracture Identification

Fractures can be identified by a variety of signs and symptoms, including severe pain, swelling, deformity, inability to move the affected area, and, in the case of open fractures, bleeding. If you suspect someone may have a fracture, it's important not to move the person unless absolutely necessary, as this could cause additional damage.

First Aid for Fractures

1. Keep the person calm

One of the first things to do is keep the person calm. Pain and fear can lead to shock, so it's important to talk to the person in a calm, reassuring manner and make sure they are as still as possible.

2. Call for medical help

If you suspect a fracture, call for medical help immediately. While waiting for help, you can start applying first aid.

3. Immobilize the affected area

If possible, the affected area should be immobilized to prevent movement that could cause further damage. This can be done with splints, but if these are not available, you can use items such as rolled up magazines, boards or branches.

4. Treat pain and swelling

Pain and swelling can be relieved by applying ice. However, ice should never be applied directly to the skin - it should be wrapped in a cloth or towel first.

5. Treat open fractures

In the case of open fractures, the wound should be covered with a clean cloth to prevent infection. Do not try to realign the fracture or push any protruding bone back in.

Final Considerations

First aid for fractures is a temporary measure until medical help arrives. Never try to treat a fracture on your own, as this can lead to serious complications. Always seek medical attention as soon as possible if you suspect a fracture.