3.3. Data Types: Composite data types

In programming logic, data types are a fundamental part. They are used to identify the type of data a variable can store. Composite data types, also known as complex data types, are a set of data types that can store multiple values, as opposed to primitive data types, which can only store one value at a time. Let's discuss some of the more common composite data types.

Arrays

The most common and most used data type is the array. An array is a collection of elements of the same data type. Each element in the array is identified by an index, which is used to access the element's value. The main advantage of using arrays is that they allow you to store multiple values ​​in a single variable, which can significantly simplify your code.

Strings

Another common composite data type is a string. A string is a sequence of characters. In many programming languages, strings are treated as a composite data type because they can be broken down into individual characters. This allows you to manipulate and parse strings in complex ways, such as looking for specific character patterns or replacing individual characters.

Structs

Structs are another composite data type that is commonly used in programming languages. A struct is a collection of variables of different data types. This allows you to group related variables together into a single entity. For example, you might have a struct that represents a student, with variables for the student's name, grade, and age.

Unions

Unions are a composite data type that allows you to store different types of data in the same variable. However, unlike a struct, a union can only store one value at a time. This can be useful in situations where you want to save memory by storing only the most relevant data type for the current situation.

Classes

Last but not least, we have classes. Classes are a composite data type that is fundamental to object-oriented programming. A class is a definition of a type of object, which can contain variables (called properties) and functions (called methods). Classes allow you to create instances of objects that contain their own values ​​and behaviors, which can make your code more organized and reusable.

In conclusion, composite data types are an essential part of programming logic. They allow you to store and manipulate data in more complex ways than primitive data types. Mastering the use of composite data types can help you write more efficient and effective code.

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