30.4. Common Phrasal Verbs: Common Phrasal Verbs in Informal Speech

Phrasal verbs are a fundamental part of the English language, especially in informal speech. They consist of a verb combined with a preposition or an adverb, or sometimes both, which results in a new meaning different from the original verb. Understanding and using phrasal verbs can significantly enhance your ability to communicate effectively in English, particularly in casual conversations.

One of the reasons phrasal verbs are so prevalent in English is their versatility. They often convey nuances and subtleties that single-word verbs may not capture. Let's delve into some common phrasal verbs and explore their meanings and usage in informal speech.

1. Get

The verb "get" is incredibly versatile and forms numerous phrasal verbs. Here are a few examples:

• Get up: To rise from bed or a sitting position. "I get up at 7 AM every day."
• Get along: To have a good relationship with someone. "I get along well with my coworkers."
• Get over: To recover from something, typically an illness or an emotional setback. "It took me a while to get over the flu."
• Get by: To manage or survive, especially financially. "We can get by on my salary for now."

2. Take

"Take" is another verb that combines with prepositions and adverbs to form useful phrasal verbs:

• Take off: To remove something, especially clothing, or for an airplane to leave the ground. "Please take off your shoes before entering."
• Take up: To begin a new hobby or activity. "I’ve recently taken up painting."
• Take over: To assume control or responsibility. "She will take over the project from here."
• Take back: To return something or to retract a statement. "I need to take back the book to the library."

3. Make

Phrasal verbs with "make" often deal with creation or transformation:

• Make up: To invent a story or to reconcile after an argument. "He made up an excuse for being late."
• Make out: To discern or understand something. "I couldn’t make out what she was saying."
• Make off: To leave quickly, especially to escape. "The thieves made off with the valuables."
• Make do: To manage with the limited resources available. "We’ll have to make do with what we have."

4. Put

The verb "put" forms phrasal verbs that often involve placement or arrangement:

• Put off: To postpone or delay something. "We decided to put off the meeting until next week."
• Put up with: To tolerate or endure something unpleasant. "I can’t put up with the noise any longer."
• Put out: To extinguish a fire or to inconvenience someone. "Please put out the candles before leaving."
• Put away: To store something in its proper place. "After dinner, I always put away the dishes."

5. Look

"Look" phrasal verbs often relate to perception or searching:

• Look after: To take care of someone or something. "Can you look after my cat while I’m away?"
• Look up: To search for information or to improve. "I need to look up the word in the dictionary."
• Look forward to: To anticipate something with pleasure. "I’m looking forward to the weekend."
• Look out: To be vigilant or cautious. "Look out for cars when crossing the street."

6. Turn

Phrasal verbs with "turn" often involve changes or movements:

• Turn up: To appear or arrive unexpectedly or to increase the volume. "He turned up at the party uninvited."
• Turn down: To refuse an offer or to decrease volume. "I had to turn down the job offer."
• Turn off: To stop a machine or device. "Please turn off the lights when you leave."
• Turn into: To transform or change into something else. "The caterpillar turned into a butterfly."

7. Break

"Break" phrasal verbs often deal with disruption or separation:

• Break down: To stop functioning or to become emotionally upset. "My car broke down on the way home."
• Break up: To end a relationship or to disperse a gathering. "They decided to break up after five years."
• Break into: To enter a place forcibly. "Someone tried to break into the house last night."
• Break out: To escape or to start suddenly. "A fire broke out in the building."

8. Run

Phrasal verbs with "run" often relate to movement or management:

• Run into: To meet someone unexpectedly. "I ran into an old friend at the mall."
• Run out of: To deplete a supply. "We’ve run out of milk."
• Run over: To drive over something or to review quickly. "I need to run over my notes before the meeting."
• Run away: To leave a place or situation suddenly. "The child tried to run away from home."

9. Bring

"Bring" phrasal verbs often involve movement towards the speaker:

• Bring up: To mention a topic or to raise a child. "She brought up an interesting point during the discussion."
• Bring about: To cause something to happen. "The new policy will bring about significant changes."
• Bring out: To highlight or make something more evident. "The new dress really brings out her eyes."
• Bring in: To introduce or to earn. "The company plans to bring in new talent."

Mastering phrasal verbs can seem daunting due to their sheer number and complexity. However, they play a crucial role in making your English sound more natural. Practice using them in context, and don't be afraid to make mistakes. Over time, you'll find that they become an integral part of your vocabulary, enhancing both your understanding and expression in English.

To improve your proficiency with phrasal verbs, consider engaging with native speakers, watching English movies or TV shows, and reading books that feature dialogue. These activities will expose you to phrasal verbs in their natural context, helping you to understand their meanings and nuances better.

Remember, the key to mastering phrasal verbs, like any other aspect of language learning, is consistent practice and exposure. So, keep practicing, and soon you'll find yourself using phrasal verbs with confidence and ease in your everyday conversations.

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35Common Phrasal Verbs: Phrasal Verbs with 'Get'

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