11. Chemical sterilization

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Chemical sterilization is one of the most used methods in the sterilized material center (CME) in nursing. This method is very effective in eliminating microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and spores, which can be harmful to the health of patients. The chemical sterilization process involves the use of various chemical substances that are capable of destroying microorganisms and ensuring the safety of materials that will be used in medical procedures.

Chemical sterilization is an alternative to physical sterilization methods such as heat and radiation sterilization. This method is especially useful for sterilizing materials that cannot be sterilized by physical methods due to their sensitivity to heat or radiation.

There are several types of chemical sterilization, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Some of the more common methods include sterilization by ethylene oxide, formaldehyde, hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, and glutaraldehyde.

Ethylene Oxide

Ethylene oxide is a highly effective gas for sterilizing medical supplies. It is able to penetrate porous materials and destroy a wide range of microorganisms. However, ethylene oxide is highly toxic and flammable, which requires special precautions during its use. In addition, the ethylene oxide sterilization process is quite time consuming, which can be a disadvantage in emergency situations.

Formaldehyde

Formaldehyde is another chemical used to sterilize medical supplies. It is less toxic and less flammable than ethylene oxide, which makes it easier to handle. However, formaldehyde is a potent irritant for the eyes, skin and respiratory tract, which requires the use of personal protective equipment during its use. Additionally, formaldehyde can leave residues on sterilized materials, which can be harmful to patients.

Hydrogen Peroxide

Hydrogen peroxide is a powerful oxidizing agent that can be used for the sterilization of medical materials. This method is fast, effective and leaves no toxic residue. However, hydrogen peroxide can be corrosive to some materials and requires specific temperature and humidity conditions to be effective.

Peracetic Acid

Peracetic acid is a powerful disinfectant and sterilizer that can be used to sterilize medical materials. It is effective against a wide range of microorganisms and leaves no toxic residue. However, peracetic acid can be corrosive to some materials and can be irritating to the skin and respiratory tract.

Glutaraldehyde

Glutaraldehyde is a chemical disinfectant and sterilant that is widely used in the sterilization of medical instruments. It is effective against a wide range of microorganisms and leaves no toxic residue. However, glutaraldehyde can be irritating to the skin and respiratory tract and can be corrosive to some materials.

In summary, chemical sterilization is a crucial part of the job at CME. It ensures that medical materials are safe for use on patients, preventing the spread of infections. However, each chemical sterilization method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of the most suitable method depends on several factors, including the type of material to be sterilized, the sensitivity of the material to the sterilization method, and the conditions available for sterilization. sterilization.

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