36. Cancer of the Lung and Respiratory System

Página 36

Lung and Respiratory System Cancer

The respiratory system is a complex network of organs and structures that facilitate the exchange of gases between the body and the external environment. It consists of two lungs, airways, respiratory muscles and blood vessels. Unfortunately, the respiratory system can be the target of many diseases, including lung cancer, which is one of the most common and deadly forms of cancer.

What is Lung Cancer?

Lung cancer is a disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the lungs. There are two main types of lung cancer: small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). CPNP is the most common type and includes adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma.

How Does Lung Cancer Affect the Respiratory System?

Lung cancer can affect the respiratory system in many ways. It can cause persistent coughing, shortness of breath, chest pain and other symptoms. As the cancer spreads to surrounding tissues and organs, it can cause additional complications. For example, if the cancer spreads to the bones, it can cause bone pain and fractures. If it spreads to the brain, it can cause headaches, dizziness and other neurological problems.

What are the Causes and Risk Factors?

Smoking is the main risk factor for lung cancer, accounting for about 85% of all cases. Other risk factors include exposure to radon, asbestos, arsenic, some hydrocarbons, chromium, nickel, tar and soot. Age is also a risk factor, with most cases occurring in people over the age of 60.

Treatment and Prevention

Treatment for lung cancer may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, or a combination of these. The choice of treatment depends on the type and stage of the cancer, as well as the general health of the patient.

As for prevention, the best way to prevent lung cancer is not to smoke or to stop smoking. Also, avoiding exposure to carcinogens in the workplace and testing the home for radon can help reduce the risk.

In conclusion, lung cancer is a serious disease that can have a significant impact on the respiratory system. However, with early detection and proper treatment, the chances of survival can be improved.

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