Actuators are electronic devices that convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, allowing an electronic system to perform physical movements. They are widely used in various industry sectors such as industrial automation, robotics, security systems and many others.
There are several types of actuators, each with its specific characteristics. Among the most common are:
- Electric motors: are the most used in automation and robotics systems. They work from the interaction between magnetic fields, which generate mechanical forces capable of moving and controlling devices.
- Servomotors: are more precise and controllable electric motors, used in systems that require more precise and complex movements.
- Pneumatic actuators: are devices that use compressed air to generate movements. They are widely used in industrial automation systems such as production machines and conveyor systems.
- Hydraulic actuators: work similarly to pneumatic ones, but use hydraulic fluids instead of compressed air. They are used in systems that require greater strength and precision, such as construction equipment and heavy-duty transport systems.
In addition to these, there are other types of actuators, such as piezoelectric actuators, which use piezoelectric crystals to generate movement, and electromagnetic actuators, which use magnetic fields to generate mechanical forces.
The choice of the type of actuator to be used in an electronic system depends on the specific characteristics of the project, such as the precision and force required, the environment in which the system will be used and the cost of the device. It is important to choose the most suitable actuator to guarantee the proper functioning of the system and avoid future problems.
