accounting fraud

Página 34

Accounting Fraud

Accounting is a fundamental area for companies, as it is responsible for recording and controlling all financial and equity transactions. However, unfortunately, there are cases of accounting fraud that can compromise the integrity of information and harm the company and its stakeholders.

Accounting fraud occurs when accounting records are manipulated in order to distort the financial reality of the company. These frauds can be carried out in different ways, such as omitting information, manipulating data, falsifying documents and creating fictitious transactions.

There are different reasons why a person commits accounting fraud. Some of the main ones are:

• Personal financial gain: the fraudster can benefit financially by diverting company funds to his personal account;
• Pressure to achieve goals: in some cases, managers may feel pressured to present positive results, even if it means manipulating the numbers;
• Maintain the appearance of financial solidity: in situations where the company is facing financial difficulties, those in charge can try to mask the reality to avoid greater losses;
• Avoid legal or regulatory sanctions: some companies may commit accounting fraud to avoid penalties or fines for non-compliance with laws or regulations;
• Increase the value of shares: in cases of publicly traded companies, earnings manipulation can be done to inflate the value of shares in the market.

To prevent accounting fraud, it is essential that companies adopt efficient internal control practices. Some of the main controls that can be implemented are:

• Segregation of functions: it is important that responsibilities are divided between different people, in order to avoid that a single person has total control over the accounting records;
• Periodic reviews: it is essential that the accounting records are regularly reviewed by an independent person who can identify possible irregularities;
• Clear policies and procedures: the company must establish clear accounting policies and procedures, in order to guide employees on how records and controls should be made;
• Information technology: the use of reliable and secure information systems can contribute to the prevention of accounting fraud;
• Ethical culture: it is essential that the company has an ethical culture, which values ​​honesty and transparency in accounting information.

In addition, it is important for companies to carry out periodic internal and external audits, in order to verify the compliance of accounting records and identify possible fraud. If an accounting fraud is identified, it is essential that the company takes the appropriate measures, such as the dismissal of the person in charge, correction of the records and, if necessary, communication to the competent authorities.

In summary, accounting fraud represents a major risk for companies, compromising the reliability of financial information. Therefore, it is essential that companies adopt efficient internal control practices and promote an ethical culture, aiming to prevent and detect possible accounting fraud.

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