3.2. Basic principles of NLP: The pillars of NLP: Rapport, Language Patterns and Modeling
Rapport
The first pillar of Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) is Rapport. This term, derived from French, means "relationship" and is used in NLP to describe the process of establishing a relationship of trust and harmony, in which people feel understood and valued. Rapport is essential to facilitate effective communication and positive influence.
In NLP, Rapport is built by matching or mirroring the other person's behaviours, postures, gestures, tone of voice, speech rate and breathing. This is done in a subtle and respectful manner, without exact imitation or caricature. The aim is to create a sense of familiarity and comfort that facilitates openness and receptivity.
Rapport also involves matching internal sensory representations such as images, sounds, sensations, emotions, and thoughts. This requires the ability to "read" the non-verbal cues that indicate the other person's predominant representational system and adjust one's communication to that system.
Language Standards
The second pillar of NLP is the Language Patterns. Language is a powerful tool that shapes our experience of reality. In NLP, language patterns are used to identify and change the mental models that limit human potential.
NLP language patterns include Metaphors, which are stories or analogies that facilitate understanding and change; Language Models, which are language structures that reflect and influence the way we perceive and interact with the world; and Reframing Techniques, which are ways of changing the meaning of an experience by changing context or point of view.
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NLP language patterns also include Power Questions, which are open-ended, exploratory questions that challenge limiting assumptions and stimulate creative thinking; and Positive Affirmations, which are positive, specific statements that reinforce self-esteem and motivation.
Modeling
The third pillar of NLP is Modeling. Modeling is the process of identifying, understanding and reproducing human excellence. In NLP, Modeling is used to learn and teach skills, attitudes and strategies for success.
Modeling involves the observation and imitation of external behaviors, but also the elucidation and replication of internal processes, such as sensory representations, thinking strategies, beliefs and values. This requires the modeled person's ability to "enter the map of the world", to see the world through their eyes, hear through their ears, and feel through their sensations.
Modeling also involves experimentation and adaptation, to adjust the model to reality and individual needs. This requires the ability to "get off the map of the world" of the modeled person, to evaluate the results and make necessary corrections.
In summary, the pillars of NLP - Rapport, Language Patterns and Modeling - are basic principles that underpin effective NLP practice. They are powerful tools for personal and professional development, enabling effective communication, positive change and human excellence.
