1.5 Knowing the parts of a vehicle: Steering
The steering is one of the most essential parts of a vehicle. It is the system that allows the driver to control the vehicle's course, making it a crucial component of road safety. This chapter of our vehicle maintenance guide takes an in-depth look at the steering system, helping you understand its structure, operation and maintenance.
What is the Steering System?
The steering system is a network of interconnected components that transmit movement from the steering wheel to the front wheels of the vehicle. It allows the driver to control the vehicle's direction, whether to turn left or right, or keep a straight line. The steering system is made up of several parts, including the steering wheel, steering column, steering box, steering rod and U-joints.
How does the Steering System work?
When the driver turns the steering wheel, this movement is transmitted through the steering column - a shaft that connects the steering wheel to the steering box. The steering gear contains a set of gears that converts the rotational motion of the steering wheel into linear motion. This linear motion is then transmitted to the front wheels via the steering rod. U-joints allow the tie rod to move up and down with the front wheels while maintaining transmission of steering wheel motion.
Types of Steering Systems
There are three main types of steering systems: manual steering, hydraulic power steering, and electric power steering. Manual steering requires more physical effort from the driver to turn the steering wheel, while power steering uses hydraulic or electrical power to reduce this effort. Hydraulic power steering uses a pumping system to provide the necessary force to turn the wheels, while electric power steering uses an electric motor for the same purpose.
Steering System Maintenance
Proper steering system maintenance is crucial to road safety. This includes checking the power steering fluid level regularly, inspecting the U-joints and tie rod for wear or damage, and ensuring that the steering gear is working properly. If you notice any problems with your vehicle's steering, such as difficulty turning the steering wheel or strange noises when turning, it's important to take your vehicle to a professional for an immediate inspection.
In summary, the steering system is a vital component of your vehicle that requires regular attention and maintenance. By understanding how it works and how to care for it, you can help ensure your vehicle remains safe and operational. Remember, preventative maintenance is always cheaper and safer than repairs after the fact.
This guide is just the beginning of your journey to becoming a vehicle maintenance expert. In the next chapter, we'll explore other important vehicle systems, such as the brake system and suspension system. Stay tuned and keep learning!
