10.3. How to build the walls of a house: Foundation and structure of the walls

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10.3. How to build the walls of a house: Foundation and structure of the walls

The construction of walls is a crucial step in the construction of a house. They are the main structure that provides security, privacy and isolation for the house. Therefore, it is essential that they are built correctly. This chapter will walk you through how to build the walls of a house, starting with the foundation and moving on to the framing of the walls.

Foundation

The foundation is the foundation on which the house will be built. It is the most important part of the house as it supports the entire structure above it. The foundation must be solid and strong to avoid future problems such as cracks in the walls or misalignment of the structure.

To start building the foundation, you first need to prepare the ground. This involves removing vegetation, rocks and other debris. Then you need to level the ground. This can be done using a shovel or a leveler. Once the ground is level, you can start digging for the foundation. The depth of the excavation will depend on the type of foundation you are planning to use.

There are several types of foundations, including slab foundations, pillar foundations, and retaining wall foundations. The choice of foundation type depends on the type of soil, the climate and the design of the house. Once the foundation is in place, it should be filled with concrete and allowed to cure.

Structure of the walls

With the foundation ready, you can start building the wall structure. The structure of the walls is composed of vertical posts, called mullions, and horizontal beams, called crossbeams. The studs and crossbeams are usually made of wood, although steel can also be used.

To build the wall frame, you will first need to measure and mark where the studs will be placed. Mullions are generally spaced 16 inches (40.64 cm) or 24 inches (60.96 cm) center to center, depending on local building code. Once the mullion locations are marked, you can start cutting the wood to the correct size.

Once you have cut the wood, you can start assembling the wall frame. This is done by nailing or screwing the uprights to the joists. The wall frame must be built into the ground and then lifted and secured in place. Once the wall framing is in place, you can add exterior cladding such as plywood.

Once you build all the walls, you can start adding the interior details, such as insulation and drywall. Insulation is important to keep the house warm in the winter and cool in the summer. Drywall is used to cover the structure of walls and create a smooth surface for painting or wallpapering.

Building the walls of a house can be a laborious process, but it is an essential part of building a house. With proper preparation and care, you can build walls that are strong, safe, and attractive.

In summary, building the walls of a house involves preparing the land, building the foundation, building the wall frame, and adding interior details. Each of these steps requires planning, precision, and attention to detail. By following these steps, you can build walls that will last for years to come and provide a safe, comfortable environment for you and your family.

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2410.4. How to build the walls of a house: Masonry techniques for building the walls