19.9. Forming Simple Questions with 'Do' and 'Does': Using 'Do' and 'Does' for Emphasis in Questions

Forming simple questions in English is a fundamental skill that beginners must master to communicate effectively. The use of 'do' and 'does' plays a crucial role in constructing these questions, especially when it comes to emphasizing certain aspects of the inquiry. In this section, we will explore the use of 'do' and 'does' in forming simple questions, and how they can be used for emphasis.

Understanding 'Do' and 'Does'

Before diving into forming questions, it's essential to understand the roles of 'do' and 'does' in English grammar. 'Do' and 'does' are auxiliary verbs, also known as helping verbs. They are used to form questions, make negatives, and provide emphasis in statements.

• 'Do' is used with plural subjects and the pronouns 'I,' 'you,' 'we,' and 'they.'
• 'Does' is used with singular subjects and the pronouns 'he,' 'she,' and 'it.'

Forming Simple Questions

To form simple questions with 'do' and 'does,' follow these basic steps:

1. Begin with 'Do' or 'Does' depending on the subject.
2. Add the subject (the person or thing doing the action).
3. Use the base form of the main verb (the base form is the infinitive without 'to').
4. Complete the question with the rest of the sentence.

Here are some examples:

• Do you like coffee?
• Does he play football?
• Do they understand the lesson?
• Does she work here?

Using 'Do' and 'Does' for Emphasis in Questions

In addition to forming questions, 'do' and 'does' can be used to add emphasis. This is particularly useful when you want to express surprise, disbelief, or to confirm information. When using 'do' and 'does' for emphasis, the structure of the question remains the same, but the tone and intention change.

Consider the following examples:

• Do you really think that's true?
• Does he actually believe he can win?
• Do they honestly expect us to agree?
• Does she truly enjoy the job?

In these examples, 'do' and 'does' emphasize the speaker's doubt or need for confirmation. The emphasis is often achieved through the use of adverbs like 'really,' 'actually,' 'honestly,' and 'truly.'

Practice Exercises

To reinforce your understanding of forming questions with 'do' and 'does,' try the following exercises:

1. Convert the statements into questions using 'do' or 'does':
• She likes pizza.
• They visit the museum every Saturday.
• He knows the answer.
• We have a meeting at 10 AM.
2. Use 'do' and 'does' to form questions for the following scenarios:
• You want to confirm if your friend has completed their homework.
• You are surprised that your colleague arrived early.
• You need to verify if the store opens at 9 AM.
• You are curious if your neighbor owns a pet.

Common Mistakes and Tips

When learning to form questions with 'do' and 'does,' beginners often make certain mistakes. Here are some common errors and tips to avoid them:

• Using the wrong auxiliary verb: Remember to use 'do' with plural subjects and 'does' with singular subjects.
• Incorrect verb form: Always use the base form of the main verb after 'do' or 'does.'
• Omitting the auxiliary verb: In English, questions in the simple present tense require 'do' or 'does.' Avoid omitting these auxiliary verbs.
• Proper intonation: When speaking, ensure your intonation rises at the end of the question to indicate it is a question.

Conclusion

Mastering the use of 'do' and 'does' in forming simple questions is a vital step for beginners learning English. By understanding the rules and practicing regularly, learners can effectively use these auxiliary verbs to ask questions and emphasize their inquiries. Remember to practice using different subjects and verbs to gain confidence and fluency in forming questions.

As you continue your journey in learning English, keep practicing and experimenting with 'do' and 'does.' With time and effort, you'll find yourself forming questions naturally and with ease.