Electronic components are fundamental parts for the construction of electronic circuits. They are responsible for performing specific functions, such as controlling electrical current, storing energy, amplifying signals, among others.
There are several types of electronic components, each with its own specific function. Below, we'll talk about some of the most common components:
Resistors
Resistors are components whose function is to control the electric current that passes through them. They are constructed from materials that offer electrical resistance, such as carbon or metal. Resistors are classified according to their electrical resistance, measured in ohms (Ω).
Capacitors
Capacitors are components whose function is to store electrical energy. They are composed of two conductive plates separated by an insulating material (dielectric). The energy storage capacity of a capacitor is measured in farads (F).
Transistors
Transistors are components whose function is to amplify electrical signals. They are composed of three layers of semiconductor material (n-p-n or p-n-p). Transistors can be used in many applications, such as audio amplifiers and motor control circuits.
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Diodes
Diodes are components whose function is to allow the passage of electric current in a single direction. They are composed of two layers of semiconductor material (n-p or p-n). Diodes are used in many applications, such as current rectifiers and reverse polarity protection circuits.
Inductors
Inductors are components whose function is to store electrical energy in a magnetic field. They are composed of a wire wound around a core of ferromagnetic material. The energy storage capacity of an inductor is measured in henrys (H).
These are just some of the more common electronic components. There are many others, such as potentiometers, transformers, integrated circuits, among others. It is important to know each of these components well in order to use them correctly in your electronic projects.
