20.9. Basic German Verbs: Imperative Verb Conjugation

The German language is rich and complex, with a variety of verbs that can be conjugated in a variety of ways. One such form is the imperative, which is used to give orders, instructions, or advice. In this section, we'll explore the basic conjugation of imperative verbs in German.

Imperative formation

In German, the imperative is formed differently depending on the subject of the sentence. For the singular imperative (tu), the "-st" ending of the verb in the present tense is usually removed. For example, the verb "gehen" (to go) becomes "geh!". However, for verbs ending in "-d", "-t", "-ig", or "-m", "-n" after a vowel sound, the "-e" is retained, as in " arbeiten" (work) which becomes "arbeiten!".

For the plural imperative (vos), the form of the verb is the same as the present tense, but without the pronoun. For example, "wir gehen" (we will) becomes "gehen wir!" (let's go!). Also, for the formal imperative (you), you use the present tense form with the pronoun at the end of the sentence, as in "Sie gehen" which becomes "gehen Sie!".

Irregular verbs

Some German verbs have irregular imperative forms. For example, the verb "sein" (to be) becomes "sei" in the singular imperative and "seid" in the plural. The verb "haben" (to have) becomes "hab" in the singular and "habt" in the plural.

Verbs with separable prefixes

Verbs with separable prefixes in German keep the prefix at the end of the sentence in the imperative. For example, "aufstehen" (get up) becomes "steh auf!" in the singular and "steht auf!" in the plural.

Modal verbs

Modal verbs in German also have special forms in the imperative. For example, "können" (power) becomes "kann" in the singular and "könnt" in the plural. "Müssen" (duty) becomes "musst" in the singular and "müsst" in the plural.

Conclusion

Knowing the conjugation of verbs in the imperative is essential to communicate effectively in German. It's important to remember that while there are general rules, there are also many exceptions that simply need to be memorized. With practice and study, you will become more and more comfortable with using the imperative in German.

We hope this section has been useful to you. Keep practicing and trying hard, and you'll see progress in your German language skills. Remember, the key to mastering any language is constant practice and continued exposure to the language. Good luck!